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In Latin America, the Canary Islanders or "Canarians", are known as ''Isleños'' as well. Another name to refer to a Canary Islander is "Canarian" in English, or ''Canario'' in Spanish, as well as ''Isleño Canario''.
In [[Latin America]], at least in those country in wich had great Canarian populations, the term ''Isleño'' is still used to distinguish a [[Canary Islander]] from someone from continental Spain. By the early eighteenth century be said there had many more canarian and descendants of them in the Americas that in Canary Islands. In addition, the Canarian had many children, so that now, the number of descendents of those first immigrants must be very superior to number of migrants that arrived to Americas. In fact, Americas was the basic destination of most immigrants canaries, since its discovery in 1492 until the twentieth century, when combined, to a lesser extent, with the Spanish colonies in Africa ([[Ifni]], [[Western Sahara]] and [[Equatorial Guinea]]; first half of the twentieth century) and Europe (since the 70´s), although the emigration to Americas would not end until the early 80's. The culture of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Venezuela and Uruguay partially derive of the Canarian culture, as the accents of this three first countries and of the Dominican Republic. Although most of the Canarian who emigrated to the Americas from the sixteenth to the twentieth century are well mixed with the population, still remain some communities that preserve the Canarian culture of their ancestors in some areas of the continent, such as in Louisiana, San Antonio of Texas, Hatillo (Puerto Rico), San Carlos de Tenerife (now a neighborhood of Santo Domingo) and San Borondón in Peru.
== General history ==
The Canary emigration to America began as early as 1492, with the first voyage of Columbus, and did not end until the early of 80´s of twentieth century. Between 1492 and 1493, Columbus made a stopover in the Canaries, with several people there to America. These people would be established in [[Cuba]] and [[Puerto Rico]]. In the early sixteenth century, probably some Guanches of the Canary Islands were exported as slaves to Puerto Rico and the [[Dominican Republic]]. Also, in the first half of the sixteenth century, Europeans organized several groups of people chosen in the Canary Islands to colonize parts of Latin America ([[Mexico]], [[Peru]], [[Venezuela]] and [[Colombia]]). To these conquerors, some of whom settled permanently in America, followed some groups of canaries who settles in Dominican Republic and Cuba in the seconds half of sixteenth century. In 1811, 10 Canarian families were sent to Santiago del Prado, Cuba. In 1678, the Spanish crown published "The tribute of blood," whereby, for each ton of cargo for a product that some Spanish colony of America sent to Spain, this send five Canary families, but applied generally, the number of families exported exceeded the 10 families. Thus, during the late seventeenth and eighteenth century, hundreds of Canarian families were exported to Venezuela Cuba, Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, and some more to places like [[Uruguay]], Mexico, [[Argentina]] or the south of the present [[United States]]. These families were designed to settle various parts of Latin America. The tribute of blood was forbidden in 1764. Despite that, many canaries continued to migrate to America. Because acquire better jobs in America ue to help them escape poverty. After the independence of most Latin American countries (1811 - 1825) and the abolition of slavery in Cuba and Puerto Rico, this colonies impulsed the Canary emigration. Thus, the most of these emigrated to these colonies, where they were exploited at work and were paid very little. Although there were also thousands of canaries who emigrated to other countries like Venezuela, Uruguay and Argentina. After the annexation of Cuba and Puerto Rico to the United States and the prohibition of Canary emigration to Puerto Rico in 1898, Canary emigration is directed mainly to Cuba, with certain flows to other countries (especially Argentina). Since 1948, most of the islanders emigrated to Venezuela because the country prompted the international immigration, especially Spanish. From the 80, with the improvement of the Islands' economy (and Spanish in general), the Canary immigration start to be very little, but with the worsening of the Venezuelan economy, many Venezuelan that are children and grandchildren of Canarian inmigrants have returned to the Canary Islands.
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The Canary emigration in Argentina before the nineteenth century was very low, except the people who participated in the first foundation of Buenos Aires by Pedro de Mendoza in 1535 (that were three companies of soldiers from [[Tenerife]]). In 1830, came to Buenos Aires several ships with immigrants canaries. A group of the immigrants settled in the interior and other group settle in the capital (In any case, the descendants of some Canarian families established in Buenos Aires, have diluted gradually throughout Argentina). Although the number of canaries who immigrated during the nineteenth century to Argentina was not comparable to those who emigrated to Cuba, Puerto Rico, Venezuela and Uruguay, in some years, the number of canaries was remarkable. Thus, between 1878 and 1888, emigrated to the 3,033 canaries with this target. In the twentieth century, emigration was relatively high among the islanders, but did not reach the target volume of Cuba and Venezuela and only got to be the 5 th Spanish autonomous community of immigrants in this country. Despite of this, in the 30 of that century, the Canarian government put the number of canarian and descendants of them in that country by about 80,000 people. In 1984 there were 1.038 canaries in Buenos Aires. To preserve their identity and mutual aid they created several organizations. <ref name="Emigración canaria"/>In the eighteenth century, several Canarian families of Buenos Aires, were established and [[Paraguay]], founded the town of Candelaria.
As early as the sixteenth century, Francisco de Montejo, as did other conquerors of the Spanish colonies in Americas, recruited to Canarian expeditionaries to collaborate with him on expeditions to [[Yucatan]], [[Mexico]]. After of the Canarian participation in the conquest of Mexico, some persons and Canarians families emigrated to Mexico between the second half XVI century and the XVII century (as is the case of Azuaje Families)<ref>http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:8BILTICgmdYJ:e-spacio.uned.es/fez/eserv.php?pid%3Dbibliuned:ETFSerie4-F7C283EC-ED5E-0BE2-1F8E-5F3807D65931%26dsID%3DPDF+varias+familias+canarias+Azuaje+en+m%C3%A9xico&hl=es&gl=es&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShD6GIb7eO8chwf8HT2XS0kTVnsEsjQMZ6f1FE8QLD_R3csPv_4YW0v6qvPqDl_qHE7cjRv4emlFadFRN0DIOsiK7t7NsGY666l1Fo6ql_9IMVjzQl9ea-kgMsfNTO-xgDwJmVN&sig=AHIEtbTIpD1Ck59H3SuEus7KAL2ranrUbA&pli=1 Un trabajo inédito sobre Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz</ref>, thus the Canarians founded some zones in [[Nuevo León]]. In the eighteenth century, when the Spanish crown encouraged the Canary emigration to Americas through the [[Tributo de sangre]] (tribute of blood), many
In Colombia, in 1536, Pedro Fernandez de Lugo formed an expedition of 1,500 people, half of them canaries, for the conquest of [[Santa Marta, Colombia|Santa Marta]]. In addition, Pedro de Heredia lead 100 men from the Canarian to [[Cartagena de Indias]], Diego de Ordaz, governor of Paria, took about 350 persons and his successor Jerome of Ortal to 80 people from Tenerife. However, in the sixteenth century, a period in which Canary was still repopulating , many people who emigrated to Americas from the Canary Islands were, in fact, Spaniards or foreigners, making it difficult to know how many of immigrants were really canarian. Like that are also recorded some canarian, at least of [[Lanzarote]], who settled in [[Cáceres, Antioquia]] in the second half of the sixteenth century.
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