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== Origins ==
Haiti's slaves came from areas of Africa extending from [[Senegal]] to the [[Congo]]. Most of the slaves came from [[Central Africa]] ([[Kongo people|Kongo]]) and current [[Benin]] ([[Ewe people|Ewe]], <ref>https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:5IrvE4Mu_lkJ:www.revistas.una.ac.cr/index.php/historia/article/download/2148/2044+&hl=es&gl=es&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESjerAzlK_U_UPtLgOZHG6VBw22f_gErnrePzGjgcRzoF2wA-G-JpMYbaBm8yuFPV3RxAvPJ-2DbXjcjeR6GL-VH5enRVrECwQL_qQ2YhRW5rgQ_o_1MLIx9iZe80UHUxoXkUyIS&sig=AHIEtbSA5tFFmsl55MWqNPGvPUZXfcKBZg</ref> [[Yoruba people|Yoruba]]) and [[Nigeria]] ([[Igbo people|Igbo]]). <ref>https://www.haiti360.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=30:african-origins-of-haitians&catid=4:our-blogs&Itemid=6 ++African Origins of Haitians++</ref> Other slaves of Haiti seem to stem from the current [[Guinea]] (imported by the Spanish since the sixteenth century and then by the French), [[Sierra Leone]], [[Windward Coast]], [[Ghana]], [[Angola]] and [[South Africa]] (such as people of the [[Bara people|Bara]] tribesmen of [[Madagascar]], who arrived in Haiti in the eighteenth century). <ref>http://www.ciao.es/Merengue__Opinion_715565 Opinión sobre el merengue.</ref>
== History ==
{{Main|History of Haiti}}
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== Demography ==
Although Haiti averages approximately 250 people per square kilometer (650 per sq mi.), its population is concentrated most heavily in urban areas, coastal plains, and valleys. Haiti's population was about 9.8 million according to UN 2008 estimates,<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/americas/country_profiles/1202772.stm Country profile: Haiti]
95% of Haitians (according to the CIA world fact book) are primarily of African descent; the remaining 5% of the population are mostly of [[mulatto|mixed-race]] background. While, smaller minority groups include people of Western European (French, German, [[Polish people|Polish]], [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] and Spanish), [[Arab]], [[Armenians|Armenian]], or Jewish origin.<ref name="joshuaproject.net">{{cite web|author=Joshua Project |url=http://www.joshuaproject.net/peopctry.php |title=Aimaq, Firozkohi of Afghanistan Ethnic People Profile |publisher=Joshua Project |accessdate=14 January 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/haiti.html |title=The Virtual Jewish History Tour: Haiti |publisher=Jewishvirtuallibrary.org |accessdate=14 January 2010}}</ref>
== Culture ==
An important cultural practice in Haiti is [[Haitian Vodou]]. Although this probably originated in Benin, there are strong elements added of the kongo of Central Africa and the Igbo of Nigeria, although many African nations are represented in the liturgy of Sévis Lwa. A generally ignored but significant element, is that of the [[Taino people|Taino indigenous]], venerated as the indigenous people of the island now known as [[Hispaniola]]. The Tainos were influential on the belief system of Haitian Voodoo, especially in the Petro cult, a religious group with no counterpart on the African continent. Characterized by the worship of the loa, the sect has influences from Native American folklore zemis. The entire northern area of Haiti is influenced by the practices of the Congo. In the north, are often called Rito Congo or Lemba. In the south, the Kongo influence is called Petwo (Petro). Many loa or lwa have a Congolese origin, as Basimbi, Lemba, etc.. <ref>http://www.linkmesh.com/zombis/articulos/vudu_haitiano.php Zombi: Vudú haitiano.</ref>
Next to the Catholic marriage, polygyny persists, the dances and some forms of recreation tie in with African activities of this nature, the preparation of the beans is done in the style of [[Western Africa]]. Popular literature retains fables and other forms that are expressed in the vernacular; pecuniary economic activities are typical of Western culture clothing tends to be European, but the scarf worn by women over the head is typical of throughout West Africa, the voodoo, or religious ceremony from [[Dahomey]], which allows communication with supernatural beings, existing alongside Catholic worship (v. tv), ie culture, religion and social organization are the result Haitian a process of syncretism French and African, mainly Dahomey-Nigerian, which was interrupted by the freeing of slaves.
At home they speak two languages: French is known only 15% of the population, consisting of a minority of mulattoes and blacks, in [[Port au Prince]] and other cities; the [[Haitian Creole|Creole]] is a language with dialectal forms in different regions , which is spoken throughout the country level, but is used exclusively in rural areas. The music of Haiti is heavily influenced by the rhythms came from Africa with the slaves, and are part of the rich spiritual and religious life of Haitians. Two of them come directly from there, the harbor and the Congo, a third rhythm is born on the island during the colonial era, the "petro". All are part of the rhythms used in voodoo ceremonies. Of these rhythms has led a musical style that, despite being closely related to religion, has become popular and has become a kind of folk music: the racine, where percussion is the most important musical instrument. We also find other types of music, which arises spontaneously from people with instruments built by themselves, the troubadou, musical style that has endured to this day, with accommodations at different times. Currently the music that you hear on Haiti's kompa a very nice pace, a little softer than the merengue, and adapts congo rhythms with European and Caribbean influences later. Kompa Direk is the most current version of this rhythm. <ref>http://www.mondolatino.eu/paises/haiti/poblacion.php Mundo latino: Población haitiana.</ref>
== References and footnotes ==
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