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Solar eclipse of September 4, 2100

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Solar eclipse of September 4, 2100
Map
Type of eclipse
NatureTotal
Gamma−0.3384
Magnitude1.0402
Maximum eclipse
Duration212 s (3 min 32 s)
Coordinates10°30′S 39°00′E / 10.5°S 39°E / -10.5; 39
Max. width of band142 km (88 mi)
Times (UTC)
Greatest eclipse8:49:20
References
Saros146 (32 of 76)
Catalog # (SE5000)9734

A total solar eclipse will occur at the Moon's descending node of orbit on Saturday, September 4, 2100,[1] with a magnitude of 1.0402. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A total solar eclipse occurs when the Moon's apparent diameter is larger than the Sun's, blocking all direct sunlight, turning day into darkness. Totality occurs in a narrow path across Earth's surface, with the partial solar eclipse visible over a surrounding region thousands of kilometres wide. Occurring about 2.5 days before perigee (on September 6, 2100, at 20:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.[2] This will be the last solar eclipse of the 21st century.

The path of totality will be visible from parts of Sierra Leone, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, southwestern Uganda, Burundi, Tanzania, Mozambique, and Madagascar. A partial solar eclipse will also be visible for parts of Africa, Southern Europe, the Middle East, and Antarctica.

Eclipse details

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Shown below are two tables displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. The first table outlines times at which the moon's penumbra or umbra attains the specific parameter, and the second table describes various other parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[3]

September 4, 2100 Solar Eclipse Times
Event Time (UTC)
First Penumbral External Contact 2100 September 04 at 06:09:54.9 UTC
First Umbral External Contact 2100 September 04 at 07:08:48.3 UTC
First Central Line 2100 September 04 at 07:09:29.5 UTC
First Umbral Internal Contact 2100 September 04 at 07:10:10.6 UTC
First Penumbral Internal Contact 2100 September 04 at 08:16:19.6 UTC
Greatest Duration 2100 September 04 at 08:47:54.7 UTC
Greatest Eclipse 2100 September 04 at 08:49:20.3 UTC
Ecliptic Conjunction 2100 September 04 at 08:52:53.1 UTC
Equatorial Conjunction 2100 September 04 at 09:08:27.2 UTC
Last Penumbral Internal Contact 2100 September 04 at 09:21:56.1 UTC
Last Umbral Internal Contact 2100 September 04 at 10:28:15.4 UTC
Last Central Line 2100 September 04 at 10:28:58.8 UTC
Last Umbral External Contact 2100 September 04 at 10:29:42.2 UTC
Last Penumbral External Contact 2100 September 04 at 11:28:33.3 UTC
September 4, 2100 Solar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Eclipse Magnitude 1.04021
Eclipse Obscuration 1.08203
Gamma −0.33839
Sun Right Ascension 10h53m24.7s
Sun Declination +07°04'34.9"
Sun Semi-Diameter 15'51.3"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.7"
Moon Right Ascension 10h52m46.7s
Moon Declination +06°46'49.6"
Moon Semi-Diameter 16'14.1"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°59'35.2"
ΔT 124.3 s

Eclipse season

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This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of August–September 2100
August 19
Ascending node (full moon)
September 4
Descending node (new moon)
Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 120
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 146
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Eclipses in 2100

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Solar Saros 146

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Inex

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Triad

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Solar eclipses of 2098–2101

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of solar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[4]

The partial solar eclipse on October 24, 2098 occurs in the previous lunar year eclipse set.

Solar eclipse series sets from 2098 to 2101
Ascending node   Descending node
Saros Map Gamma Saros Map Gamma
121 April 1, 2098

Partial
−1.1005 126 September 25, 2098

Partial
1.14
131 March 21, 2099

Annular
−0.4016 136 September 14, 2099

Total
0.3942
141 March 10, 2100

Annular
0.3077 146 September 4, 2100

Total
−0.3384
151 February 28, 2101

Annular
0.9964 156 August 24, 2101

Partial
−1.1392

Saros 146

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 146, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 76 events. The series started with a partial solar eclipse on September 19, 1541. It contains total eclipses from May 29, 1938 through October 7, 2154; hybrid eclipses from October 17, 2172 through November 20, 2226; and annular eclipses from November 30, 2244 through August 10, 2659. The series ends at member 76 as a partial eclipse on December 29, 2893. Its eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

The longest duration of totality was produced by member 26 at 5 minutes, 21 seconds on June 30, 1992, and the longest duration of annularity will be produced by member 63 at 3 minutes, 30 seconds on August 10, 2659. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[5]

Series members 16–37 occur between 1801 and 2200:
16 17 18

March 13, 1812

March 24, 1830

April 3, 1848
19 20 21

April 15, 1866

April 25, 1884

May 7, 1902
22 23 24

May 18, 1920

May 29, 1938

June 8, 1956
25 26 27

June 20, 1974

June 30, 1992

July 11, 2010
28 29 30

July 22, 2028

August 2, 2046

August 12, 2064
31 32 33

August 24, 2082

September 4, 2100

September 15, 2118
34 35 36

September 26, 2136

October 7, 2154

October 17, 2172
37

October 29, 2190

Metonic series

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The metonic series repeats eclipses every 19 years (6939.69 days), lasting about 5 cycles. Eclipses occur in nearly the same calendar date. In addition, the octon subseries repeats 1/5 of that or every 3.8 years (1387.94 days). All eclipses in this table occur at the Moon's descending node.

22 eclipse events between June 23, 2047 and November 16, 2134
June 22–23 April 10–11 January 27–29 November 15–16 September 3–5
118 120 122 124 126

June 23, 2047

April 11, 2051

January 27, 2055

November 16, 2058

September 3, 2062
128 130 132 134 136

June 22, 2066

April 11, 2070

January 27, 2074

November 15, 2077

September 3, 2081
138 140 142 144 146

June 22, 2085

April 10, 2089

January 27, 2093

November 15, 2096

September 4, 2100
148 150 152 154 156

June 22, 2104

April 11, 2108

January 29, 2112

November 16, 2115

September 5, 2119
158 160 162 164

June 23, 2123

November 16, 2134

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

December 21, 1805
(Saros 119)

November 19, 1816
(Saros 120)

October 20, 1827
(Saros 121)

September 18, 1838
(Saros 122)

August 18, 1849
(Saros 123)

July 18, 1860
(Saros 124)

June 18, 1871
(Saros 125)

May 17, 1882
(Saros 126)

April 16, 1893
(Saros 127)

March 17, 1904
(Saros 128)

February 14, 1915
(Saros 129)

January 14, 1926
(Saros 130)

December 13, 1936
(Saros 131)

November 12, 1947
(Saros 132)

October 12, 1958
(Saros 133)

September 11, 1969
(Saros 134)

August 10, 1980
(Saros 135)

July 11, 1991
(Saros 136)

June 10, 2002
(Saros 137)

May 10, 2013
(Saros 138)

April 8, 2024
(Saros 139)

March 9, 2035
(Saros 140)

February 5, 2046
(Saros 141)

January 5, 2057
(Saros 142)

December 6, 2067
(Saros 143)

November 4, 2078
(Saros 144)

October 4, 2089
(Saros 145)

September 4, 2100
(Saros 146)

August 4, 2111
(Saros 147)

July 4, 2122
(Saros 148)

June 3, 2133
(Saros 149)

May 3, 2144
(Saros 150)

April 2, 2155
(Saros 151)

March 2, 2166
(Saros 152)

January 29, 2177
(Saros 153)

December 29, 2187
(Saros 154)

November 28, 2198
(Saros 155)

Inex series

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This eclipse is a part of the long period inex cycle, repeating at alternating nodes, every 358 synodic months (≈ 10,571.95 days, or 29 years minus 20 days). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee). However, groupings of 3 inex cycles (≈ 87 years minus 2 months) comes close (≈ 1,151.02 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200

March 24, 1811
(Saros 136)

March 4, 1840
(Saros 137)

February 11, 1869
(Saros 138)

January 22, 1898
(Saros 139)

January 3, 1927
(Saros 140)

December 14, 1955
(Saros 141)

November 22, 1984
(Saros 142)

November 3, 2013
(Saros 143)

October 14, 2042
(Saros 144)

September 23, 2071
(Saros 145)

September 4, 2100
(Saros 146)

August 15, 2129
(Saros 147)

July 25, 2158
(Saros 148)

July 6, 2187
(Saros 149)

Notes

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  1. ^ "September 4, 2100 Total Solar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Total Solar Eclipse of 2100 Sep 04". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
  4. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  5. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Solar Eclipses of Saros 146". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.

References

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