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Ammonium azide

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Ammonium azide
Names
IUPAC name
Ammonium azide
Other names
Ammonium trinitride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.032.093 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • 235-315-4
  • InChI=1S/HN3.H3N/c1-3-2;/h1H;1H3
    Key: MXZUDRZKSUUQRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • [NH+4].[N-]=[N+]=[N-]
Properties
[NH4]N3
Molar mass 60.060 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless or white crystalline solid
Odor Odorless
Density 1.3459 g/cm3
Melting point 160 °C (320 °F; 433 K)
Boiling point 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) (decomposes)
Structure[1]
Orthorhombic
Pman
a = 8.930, b = 8.642, c = 3.800
4
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Very toxic, explosive
Related compounds
Other anions
Other cations
Related compounds
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Ammonium azide is the chemical compound with the formula [NH4]N3, being the salt of ammonia and hydrazoic acid. Like other inorganic azides, this colourless crystalline salt is a powerful explosive, although it has a remarkably low sensitivity. [NH4]N3 is physiologically active and inhalation of small amounts causes headaches and palpitations. It was first obtained by Theodor Curtius in 1890, along with other azides.

Structure

[edit]

Ammonium azide is ionic, meaning it is a salt consisting of ammonium cations [NH4]+ and azide anions N3, therefore its formula is [NH4]+[N3]. It is a structural isomer of tetrazene. Ammonium azide contains about 93% nitrogen by mass.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Frevel, Ludo K. (1 January 1936). "The Crystal Structure of Ammonium Azide, NH4N3". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 94 (1–6): 197. doi:10.1524/zkri.1936.94.1.197. S2CID 100695095.